Interesting fact about water

WHO Guidelines for drinking water quality

WHO guidelines for drinking water quality include detailed discussion on guidelines for colour, odour, tsate. microbe content, organic and inorganic substances, radioactive substances as well as treatment of drinking water. These guidelines are global standards that help authenticate the safety of drinking water.

There are 2 main category guidline for drinking water quality.

1. Guidelines for hazadous substances. When the content of these substances in the water exceeds a certain level, out health will be effected. Examples are lead, manganese and chlorine.
2. Guildelines for non-hazardous substances. When the content of these substances in the water exceeds the level stipulated in the WHO standards, the look and smell of the water will be effected. However, they will not have a negative impact on out health. Examples are iron, zinc and aluminium.

1. Pure natural water sources
   • Pure and clean, with essential minerals and a high content of oxygen.
   • Hard to come by with the environmental pollution nowadays
2. polluted natural water sources
   • Much of the water from rivers and lakes is contaminated owin to environmental pollution.
   • rainwater is also contaminated because of air pollution.

1. Generally, water collected from rivers, lakes and rainfall is contaminated.
2. Water us disinfected in treatment plants to ensure that pollutants are removed, therefore making tap water safe for consumption.

1. Because of its sheer size, it is difficult to ensure that no damage occurs along the pipelines of public waterworks.
2. Contaminants from the environment (sand, mud, industrial contaminants, pesticides & etc.) may therefor penetrate into the water supply system.
3. Substandard pipelines increase the chance of water pollution by leachable metals.
4. Badly-maintained tanks provide a breeding ground for bacterial and accumulated sediments.

1. Chlorine is currently the most economical and effective disinfectant.
2. Excessive content of chlorine un tap water helps curb the growth of bacteria.
3. Chlorine residue has an unpleasant odour. It also affects the taste of water.
4. Chlorine reacts with organic contaminants in the water to create by-products.
5. Excessive consumption of chlorine by-products may cause cancer in the bladder and intestines.
6. In 2002, the environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of the United States, enforced a stricter standard for TTHM (total trihalomethane, a chlorine by-product) in tap water; as low as 80 parts per billion (ppb).

1. Chlorine reagents used in ordinary fish rearing can be used to detect the existence of chlorine in tap water.
2. Stir water with chlorine with your finger, drip some reagent into it and chlorine content us no longer indicated.
3. The reagent does not change colour when put in Diamond Energy Water.

1. The acid-alkaline (PH) value of water is represented on a scale of 0-14. 0 is very acidic and 14 is very alkaline. 0 is neutral.
2. Example : ph value for hydrochloric acid is -, Rain water is 5.6 in general, mil is 6, pure water is 7, egg white is 8 and Caustic soda is 14
3. Water with mild alkalinity is closer to the ph level of our body fluids and therefore, is more suitable for drinking.

• daily requirements
  1. 2.5 litters of water daily for an adult weighing 60kg.
  2. Part of this daily requirement may be replenished by food intake
  3. At least 1.8 little of water should be taken that is, approximately 8 glasses of water.
• Drinking water cannot be replaced by other beverages
  1. Only pure water enables effective metabolism.
  2. Highly concentrated beverages do not supply water to our body; on contrary, they draw water from body cells, resulting in dehydration.

1. Drink small amounts of water regularly to ensure that our body always has enough water.
2. Drink before you get thirsty, as the feeling of thrist is already the signal that our body does not have enough water.
3. Don't drink too much water as one time, as this will burden the heart. That's why it is not advisable to drink too much water in one go after physical exercises.
4. Drink water that ic close to body temperature; avoid drinking water which is too cold.

1. Morning - because metabolic processess occur during the night, much of the water in out cells would have been converted into urine for elimination by morning. Drinking water in the morning will not only help replenish the water content in the body, but will also help eliminate waste and improve excretion.
2. During and after meals, our blood becomes thicker as a result of food digestion. Drink a glass of water to facilitate digestion and normalize blood sonsistency.
3. Drink a glass of water before going to bed, since we will not be able to replenish the body's water content during the night.
4. Profuse perspiration under the hot sun or afterphysical exercise means we have to replenish the body's water content.